Air conditioning is one of the most common equipment in life to adjust the temperature difference between indoor and outdoor, generally driven by electricity. The nature of thermal power is carbon emissions, so energy-saving products emerge at the right moment, among which floor heating with heat source water is the most direct effect and widely used. Air conditioning with its can be in a short time of rapid refrigeration or heating, favored by the majority of users, but it has more energy consumption, occupying area, difficult maintenance and other shortcomings. Floor heating has many advantages, such as health care function, comfortable health, economic energy saving, good thermal stability and long service life, but it also has the most direct disadvantages, the heating speed is slow, can not make the room quickly heat up in a short time. Based on the advantages and disadvantages of air conditioning and floor heating, China's thermostat manufacturers, represented by E-TOP, designed a dual-use temperature controller of air conditioning and floor heating, which has made relative optimization in temperature regulation and energy saving. The thermostat has undergone three updates, the first generation is electrical, the second generation is electronic, and the third generation is intelligent. The so-called intelligent temperature controller is the application of new control model and NUMERICAL control chip. E-top adopts HI67F489 as the main control chip, and customized a special code breaking screen for supporting use. Through software programming, the operation of the temperature controller is more simple and convenient, which is convenient for users to operate better. However, the power consumption of the central air-conditioning system in high-grade buildings generally accounts for 40% to 60% of the total power consumption of the entire building. For the consideration of energy saving of air conditioning system, it is very important to design scientific and reasonable temperature controller and temperature control algorithm. In winter, the number of people using air conditioning is much higher than that using floor heating. However, under the same circumstances, the power consumption of geothermal floor heating is less than that of air conditioning. At present, or use air conditioning to undertake temperature regulation entirely, or air conditioning and floor warming are to undertake the job separately, dual-use temperature controller still did not use commonly on the market.
1 Function Description
At present, the temperature controller launched by E-TOP integrates air conditioning and floor heating temperature control, with a total of 5 working modes, including air conditioning cooling mode, air conditioning heating mode, floor heating mode, air conditioning combined heating mode and sleep mode. These five modes meet the needs of different seasons, while also considering a series of practical issues such as power consumption and power saving.
There are multiple electric routes between the central air conditioner and the temperature controller. For the convenience of installation and simple wiring, the connection between the temperature controller and the fan is cancelled, and 315 wireless communication is used to control the high, medium and low wind speed. We use a five-stop valve to control the flow of hot and cold water, by changing the size of the gear to achieve temperature control requirements. Dual-use temperature controller has a wide application prospect in hot spring clubs, hotels and other places.
2 Hardware Design
We design the relevant circuit for the main control chip based on HT67F489 chip of Hetai. This temperature controller is divided into two circuit boards, one is the power supply circuit board and the other is the temperature control panel. Among them, the main function of the power supply circuit board is to convert the voltage of 230V to 3.3V, and the voltage of 3.3V is used to power the temperature control panel. In the power supply circuit, we use LN5RO4D chip. LN5RO4D is a standard PwM controller integrated circuit, which can be easily applied to various low-power power adapters. It has few peripheral devices and a variety of internal protection circuits, which are simple. A transformer was used to convert 20V to 12V, followed by an AMS1117 high efficiency linear regulator, which stabilized the output voltage to 3.3V. The temperature control panel consists of the main control chip H67F489, code break screen, temperature sensor, 315 wireless communication module, etc., which is an important part of the function of the temperature controller. The main component of the temperature sensor is thermistor, the use of negative temperature coefficient thermistor, that is, the resistance value decreases when the temperature rises. The code breaking screen for the air conditioner and floor heating thermostat is specially customized. A total of 20 pins are designed to display 122 picture blocks, each picture block can be displayed separately, and the content displayed at the same time is simple and clear.
3 Software Design
The program is the soul of the thermostat, is an important basis for the thermostat to achieve various functions. Thermostat is the most important key procedure, namely press different keys to achieve the corresponding function, from left to right are the key mode of power supply selection key, timing open timing off trigger key, wind speed selection key, increment key, decrement key. The corresponding parameters and contents can be displayed on the screen only after the coding screen is programmed accordingly. The room temperature display is realized by AD conversion program. Through the timing program to achieve the function of timing on or off; Through 315 wireless communication program to control the wind speed of the fan; Through the serial port command to control the gear of the five-grade valve, so as to control the flow, to achieve the role of temperature regulation. Therefore, software design is very important in dual - use temperature controller
4 Energy consumption
In summer, directly choose air conditioning refrigeration mode, so that the indoor temperature reaches the set value, and ordinary central air conditioning has no difference. In winter, the combined heating mode of air conditioning and floor heating can be selected. When the indoor temperature reaches 25℃, the mode of floor heating can be changed at this time. On the one hand, the heating effect of air conditioning is fast and the heating effect of floor heating is slow. If you want to heat up quickly in a short time, the two modes can be realized at the same time. On the other hand, due to power consumption, the power consumption of air conditioning is greater than that of floor heating, so when the room temperature reaches human comfort, the air conditioning is immediately turned off. This kind of thermostat can accomplish this function very well. The comparison of energy consumption should be based on the same temperature regulation effect. In the case of the same temperature control, the energy consumption of floor heating is lower than that of air conditioning. At the same time, floor heating is in line with the human needs of "warm feet and cool top" in Traditional Chinese medicine, which will give people a comfortable feeling of warm feet and cool head. It is conducive to promoting human metabolism, improving blood circulation, and has a regulatory effect on cardiovascular diseases: it has prevention and treatment effects on arthritis, old cold legs and back pain in the elderly. The heat in floor heating process is mainly radiation heat transfer, indoor temperature distribution is more reasonable. Under the same comfortable conditions, the indoor setting temperature is 2℃ lower than that of the traditional convection heating indoor setting temperature, and the heat consumption can be saved by about 15%.
WiFi and Google Thread,Zigbee does not unify the smart home protocol in the past. As with explosion of smart home devices,it’s necessary to have a wireless protocol that every manufacturer uses and people can use same one App to control all the devices.
Matter is a protocol developed under the background. It’s a common language for smart home devices, designed to simplify everything about the smart home, from purchase to setup and everyday use. Its biggest promise is making smart devices work with each other across platforms and ecosystems, no matter who made them.
This means no more checking for the “Works With” HomeKit, Google Home, or Alexa badges; Matter devices work with all of them and can be part of multiple platforms at the same time. You can control your Matter smart thermostat, Matter sensor, Matter locks, and so forth with Siri, Alexa, Google Assistant. It’s great for multiplatform homes. If you have an iPhone, your father has a Xiaomi phone, and your kid has a tablet, you’ll all be able to control all your Matter devices and feel confident that any new Matter device you buy will work with every smart home platform you use.
Matter can also work entirely on your local network, so gadgets should respond more quickly and work even if your internet is down. Yes, Matter should make turning your HVAC thermostat control on just as fast and reliable as using a
what you need to know
Matter is here, but it’s still a long road to the simple smart home
Here’s what it’s like to use the first Matter devices in the real world
Matter isn’t a new protocol; it’s a specification for how devices should talk to each other. It runs over existing protocols: Thread for low-power, low-bandwidth devices such as light bulbs and sensors, and Wi-Fi or ethernet for higher bandwidth devices like streaming media players and cameras (when they arrive).
The Matter standard is now integrated into every major smart home platform, including Amazon Alexa, Apple Home, Google Home, and Samsung SmartThings, which means that smart home devices no longer have to be certified individually for each platform. Any Matter device will work with all of them, though some platforms may offer extra features or better automation. And for those features, devices will need that extra Works With certification.
A key feature of Matter is that all devices can be controlled locally in your home; they do not require an internet connection to work or to work together. Cloud connectivity is an option, though, and allows for out-of-the-home control and integration with cloud services.
Thermostats have come a long way from the traditional manual ones that required constant adjustments. The latest advancements in technology have brought about a new era of thermostats that are not only easy to use but also energy-efficient. Among the most popular types of thermostats are the WiFi thermostat, Zigbee thermostat, heating thermostat, and the smart thermostat.
A WiFi thermostat is a type of thermostat that connects to the internet and can be controlled remotely through a smartphone app. This means that you can adjust the temperature of your home even when you are not physically present. The WiFi thermostat is perfect for people who have busy schedules and want to save energy by turning off their heating or cooling systems when they are not at home.
On the other hand, a Zigbee thermostat is a type of thermostat that uses Zigbee technology to communicate with other Zigbee devices in your home. This means that you can connect your Zigbee thermostat to other Zigbee devices such as smart lights, smart locks, and smart speakers to create a smart home ecosystem. With a Zigbee thermostat, you can control the temperature of your home using voice commands or through a smartphone app.
A heating thermostat is a type of thermostat that is specifically designed for heating systems. This type of thermostat is perfect for people who live in cold climates and need to keep their homes warm during the winter months. A heating thermostat can be programmed to turn on and off at specific times, ensuring that your home is always at the right temperature.
Finally, a smart thermostat is a type of thermostat that uses artificial intelligence to learn your daily routine and adjust the temperature of your home accordingly. A smart thermostat can also be controlled remotely through a smartphone app and can save you money on your energy bills by automatically turning off your heating or cooling system when you are not at home.
In conclusion, thermostats have come a long way from the traditional manual ones. With the latest advancements in technology, you can now choose from a variety of thermostats that are not only easy to use but also energy-efficient. Whether you prefer a WiFi thermostat, Zigbee thermostat, heating thermostat, or a smart thermostat, there is a type of thermostat that is perfect for your needs.
Are you tired of constantly adjusting your room temperature manually? Do you want a more efficient and convenient way to control the temperature in your space? Look no further than the Fan Coil Unit (FCU) Thermostat.
FCU thermostats are a type of room thermostat that are specifically designed for use with fan coil units. These thermostats allow you to control the temperature in your room with ease and precision, ensuring maximum comfort and energy efficiency.
One of the key benefits of FCU thermostats is their smart technology. These thermostats are equipped with advanced sensors and algorithms that allow them to learn your temperature preferences and adjust accordingly. This means that you can set your desired temperature once and let the thermostat do the rest, saving you time and hassle.
In addition to their smart technology, FCU thermostats also come in a variety of types to suit your needs. Digital thermostats offer precise temperature control and easy-to-read displays, while WIFI thermostats allow you to control your temperature remotely from your smartphone or tablet.
FCU thermostats are also incredibly easy to install and use. Simply replace your old thermostat with an FCU thermostat and enjoy immediate temperature control. Plus, with their sleek and modern designs, FCU thermostats can enhance the aesthetic of any room.
If you're looking for a more efficient and convenient way to control the temperature in your space, consider investing in an FCU thermostat. With their smart technology, variety of types, and easy installation, these thermostats are the future of room temperature control.
Specially designed for temperature control of home electric heater and heating panel, plug digital thermostat can read room temperature and setpoint in LCD screen, set efficient programmable mode and smart phone app remote control home appliances.
With various socket outlet, it can be used for different countries DE/EU, FR,UK,IT,US. And if you wanna prevent home temperature increasing at a high temperature, adding a external sensor can easily solve uncomfortable temperature heating setting.
Key feature
* Plug in design make it easy to install.
* Five buttons make it easy to operate.
* 7 days programmable
* Manual mode, Away mode and programmable Mode Selectable.
* The display shows the room temperature.
* Temperature display in degrees Celsius.
* With EEPROM
* Frost Protection
* WIFI controlled (Search “Smart Life” on Google Play or App Store)
* DE/EU, FR,UK,IT,US socket type in option
* External sensor in option
* Frost protection
* Open window detection
* Child lock
Are you seeking a comfortable and cozy living experience this winter? Look no further than ETOPECO’s ZigBee 3.0 Smart Wireless Floor Heating Thermostat. This innovative thermostat integrates seamlessly with your smart home devices, allowing for easy and personalized temperature control.
One of the standout features of this thermostat is its user-friendly interface. With a simple touch, you can adjust the temperature to your desired level. Additionally, it features a sleek and modern design with clear and easy-to-read displays in both Chinese and English.
For those who value convenience, the ETOPECO ZigBee 3.0 Smart Wireless Floor Heating Thermostat can be controlled from anywhere at any time through your smartphone or tablet. No more worrying about leaving the heat on while you’re away—simply adjust it remotely using the smart app.
But the advantages of this product do not end there. The thermostat also boasts accurate and efficient temperature control, ensuring that your home is always at the perfect temperature while also saving energy. Moreover, its compatibility with various smart home devices allows it to work seamlessly with your existing smart home system, bringing you even more control over your home’s heating.
Don’t let the winter chill get you down. Take control of your home’s comfort and enjoy a relaxing, cozy living experience with ETOPECO’s ZigBee 3.0 Smart Wireless Floor Heating Thermostat.
Are you in the market for a new thermostat for your heat pump but not sure which one to choose? At ETOP, we offer both single-stage and two-stage thermostats that are designed to work with heat pumps. Here's what you need to know to make the right choice for your home.
Single-Stage Thermostats: If your heat pump only has one stage of heating and cooling, a single-stage thermostat is the right choice for you. It works by turning the heat pump on or off based on the temperature setting you choose. Single-stage thermostats are simple to use and install, and they are generally less expensive than two-stage thermostats.
Two-Stage Thermostats: If your heat pump has two stages of heating and cooling, a two-stage thermostat is the way to go. It allows you to set different temperature levels for each stage, which can help improve energy efficiency and comfort. For example, you might set the first stage to heat or cool your home to a moderate temperature, and the second stage to a more extreme temperature only when needed. Two-stage thermostats are more advanced than single-stage thermostats, and they typically come with more features and a higher price tag.
At ETOP, we offer both single-stage and two-stage thermostats that are easy to install and use. Our thermostats are designed to work with most heat pumps and can help you save energy and money on your heating and cooling bills. If you're not sure which thermostat is right for you, our team of experts is here to help. Contact us today to learn more.
Introduction: Welcome to a new era of intelligent heating control. Etop Controls proudly presents our range of cutting-edge Smart thermostats, including Smart thermostat, Wireless thermostat, Programmable thermostat, Wi-Fi thermostat, and Digital thermostat. Designed for the discerning European market, our Smart thermostats combine state-of-the-art technology with unmatched convenience and energy efficiency.
Smart Connectivity: Stay in control no matter where you are. With our Wi-Fi-enabled Smart thermostats, you can effortlessly manage and adjust your heating system using our user-friendly mobile app. Enjoy the convenience of remote access and ensure your home is always perfectly comfortable.
Wireless Flexibility: Say goodbye to complex installations and embrace the freedom of wireless control. Our Wireless thermostats provide easy setup and flexible placement options, giving you the freedom to optimize your heating system without the constraints of wiring. Experience unparalleled convenience and flexibility.
Programmable Precision: Tailor your heating to fit your lifestyle. Our Programmable thermostats allow you to create personalized heating schedules based on your daily routines and preferences. Wake up to a cozy home, save energy when you're away, and return to a comfortable environment at the touch of a button.
Energy Efficiency: Reduce your energy consumption without sacrificing comfort. Our Smart thermostats incorporate advanced digital technology to intelligently regulate temperature settings, optimizing energy efficiency while maintaining an ideal indoor climate. Contribute to a greener future while enjoying optimal comfort.
Experience the Difference: At Etop Controls, we pride ourselves on delivering superior quality and performance. Our Smart thermostats are the result of successful collaborations with industry leaders such as Danfoss, Carrier, and Bosch. With a focus on reliability and innovation, we continue to push the boundaries of heating control.
Discover the future of heating control with Etop Controls' Smart thermostats. Experience unmatched convenience, energy efficiency, and comfort. Visit our website www.etopcontrols.com to explore our full range of products and take the first step towards a smarter home.
Energy think tank Ember has published a report on European grid-connected networks. The report calls on the continent's transmission system operators to accelerate the construction of grid infrastructure to meet Europe's clean energy goals.
The report titled "Breaking Boundaries: The Future of European Electricity Lies in Grid-Connected Networks" argues that while the European grid is the largest such network in the world, with more than 400 interconnected networks providing electricity to nearly 600 million people, in order to achieve clean energy , in the next 10-15 years, transmission system operators need to double the current grid-connected capacity in continental Europe.
Specifically, the report calls for better installation of grid infrastructure in order to meet the requirements of Ember's "least cost electricity system" model, which will be published in June 2022. These models suggest that 70%-80% of Europe's electricity needs to come from wind and solar by 2035 to bring the continent to net-zero emissions by 2050. To achieve these goals, Europe needs more grid infrastructure.
Ember's Forecast of European Grid Connected Capacity and Demand in 2030 and 2040
Ember's latest report states that, taking into account the existing grid infrastructure and projects planned to be completed in the next few decades, Europe will need 225GW-274GW of grid-connected capacity by 2040, much higher than the current forecast capacity of 155GW.
The researchers note that with an additional 22GW grid connection plan not included in the raw data underpinning the current projected capacity of 136GW, continental Europe can achieve the grid capacity target of 148GW-187GW in 2030, but the pace of progress needs to be increased to achieve the longer-term target.
Elisabeth Cremona, energy and climate data analyst and author of the report, explained in the report: "By allowing electricity to cross national borders within minutes, grid integration creates a more flexible system that can balance geographic variations in wind and solar generation to maximize reduce output fluctuations and brownouts.”
Solar energy in particular, which could benefit from greater grid investment, looks set to feature prominently in many clean energy projections. In 2022, the European Network of Electricity Transmission System Operators (ENTSO-E) published its ten-year network development plan, which examines how specific renewable energy sources could contribute to the new European energy network.
The group's conclusions are broadly in line with Ember's: 95% of Europe's electricity is expected to come from renewable sources by 2040. The team's scenario differentiation model (the range of outcomes for multiple energy sources in the European energy mix) suggests that Europe could have up to 50% solar capacity, 20% onshore wind and 10% offshore wind.
Investing exclusively in solar power could therefore bring about the most significant changes to Europe's energy infrastructure, provided its grids are scalable to meet growing electricity demand.
Solar PV projects for European energy companies
"This is critical to integrating the variable output of wind and solar energy in a cost-effective manner," Cremona said. Ratio cut in half."
"A more interconnected Europe also allows wind and solar to utilize optimal locations, unlocking higher renewable energy potential and increasing generation efficiency, which reduces the cost and capacity needed to decarbonize."
Next, I will introduce an excellent smart thermostat to you. It is a new Tuya Smart Life WiFi RF Wireless thermostat developed by E-TOP, the largest thermostat supplier in China, after one year. It has a simple operation mode and can It is easy to operate for the elderly and easy to install. The built-in smart lock system can prevent children from accidentally touching it. And under the newly upgraded system, the window opening detection function has been comprehensively improved, which can reduce the energy loss caused by residents forgetting to close the windows. Here are some basic parameters of this product:
This is a programmable room thermostat. It works by sensing the air temperature, switching on the heating when the air temperature falls below the thermostat setting, and switching it off once this set temperature has been reached. it allows users to select different temperatures in your home at different times of the day to meet particular user's needs and preferences. But thermostat to a higher temperature will not make the room heat up any faster. How quickly the room heats up depends on the design and size of the heating system. Similarly reducing the temperature setting does not affect how quickly the room cools down.
* Remote WIFI Control
* Compatible with Alexa and google home
* White Backlight
* Adjustable Heat Mode, Cool Mode, Eco Mode, Manual Mode and PRG. mode control
* Water heating system
* Weekly Programmable(From APP only)
* Room or SET temperature display
* Open Window Detection
* Child Lock Function
* Frost Protection
* CE, RoHs, RED
If you are still troubled by not being able to find a suitable thermostat, you may wish to contact E-top controls Co., Ltd. They have been established for 20 years and have mature research and development, production, quality control, and after-sales service. Dozens of different types of thermostats are available, such as: zigbee thermostat, Rf thermostat, wifi thermostat, remote controls thermostat, modbus thermostat, bacnet thermostat
, etc. If you are interested, you can directly visit the official website: etopcontrols.com or contact us directly The following email:
info@etopcontrols.com
Problems with heat pumps can leave Inland Empire homeowners scratching their heads in wonder. When your heat pump continues to run after reaching the set temp, what’s the matter? E-Top Air Conditioning & Heating thermostat explains what causes this heat pump issue and what to do about it.
Reasons Why Your Heat Pump Continues to Run After Reaching the Set Temp
There could be one of multiple issues causing this problem. Below, we review the common causes of a continuously running heat pump and how to fix the issue.
1. Dirty or Air Filter alarm
If your heat pump continues to run after reaching the set temp, the first place to look is the filter cabinet. Is your air filter dirty and completely clogged with contaminants pulled from the air? If so, this dirty filter is likely causing your heat pump to run continuously. On E-Top Heat pump thermostat there’re the air alert function which to remind the user to replace the air filter.
2. Thermostat Setting Mistake
If your heat pump continues to run and the filter isn’t to blame, it’s time to look at the thermostat. Are your settings correct? If the system’s fan is turned to ON, it will run all the time – not just as the heat pump cycles. Oftentimes, a fan is responsible for making homeowners think it sounds like the heat pump system or other HVAC system equipment is still on when it shouldn’t be.
If your fan is ON, simply adjust the thermostat so that the fan is reset to AUTO. This way, it will only run when the heat pump does and it won’t sound like your heat pump is on all the time.
3. Low Refrigerant
If the heating system has a refrigerant leak and lacks coolant, this may be why your heat pump continues to run after reaching the set temp. The system is struggling to maintain temperatures due to the lack of refrigerant. Refrigerant leaks and system recharging must be handled by a licensed professional, so schedule heat pump repair service if you suspect this problem.
All regular thermostats have a special setting labeled “EM heat”? Many people falsely assuming it’s a setting for you to switch on during freezing temperatures. However, this isn’t true. “EM” stands for emergency, and this secondary heating system is a back-up to keep your house warm when your primary heat fails. So, you don’t want to go switching it on without knowing what you’re doing.
What is EM Heat?
Most systems have a heat pump as its primary setting and activate their secondary (gas, oil, or electric) heating when supplemental, or second-stage, heating is required. In colder climate, all heat pumps need a secondary heating source because your heater taps into this setting when outside temperatures drop too low.
However, if you turn on your EM heat manually, you begin drawing heat only from the secondary source. Now, instead of working with your main heat pump, your backup is working solo. This is way less efficient than your primary heating system, so you should only use it in real emergencies unless you want to pay exorbitant heating bills.
How Does EM Heat Work?
As we mentioned above, homes with heat pumps come with a two-part system: the heat pump and the auxiliary heating source. The primary heat pump is usually located outside of the house, while the second stage heating source is inside.
The second heating stage is designed to be a supplemental source of heat when the temperature is too low for your heat pump to extract heat from the outside. Different systems and thermostats have different methods of determining when to activate this secondary source. Typically, this secondary heat source is automatically triggered when temperatures are below the set threshold.
Additionally, the heat pump, which is outside on most houses, collects frost on the coils. When the heat pumps turn off temporarily to defrost the unit, this secondary source kicks in automatically. As a result, it is not necessary to switch to the EM heat setting yourself. Your thermostat will indicate when the setting is on, usually with a light.
While this secondary system is automatic (and mostly used in accordance with your primary heating system), you can turn it on manually. This is when it's referred to as “EM heat.” When you turn on your EM heat, you’re telling your heating system to stop using your heat pump and only use this supplemental source.
The heat pump drives the compressor for heating and cooling. Your heating and air conditioning system is revitalized by connecting a heat pump to an internal heating band. The thermostat controls the full operation of the heat pump system installed with the optional heating tape.
The thermostat manufacturer's algorithms indicate the optimal times and intervals for the heat pump, possible heating levels for your model, the heating rod, and the speed of the indoor fan. The control parameters for your system can be found in the Thermostat Configuration menu, accessed through the switches defined by each thermostat model. Information on the parameters can be found in the heat pump's installation instructions and the heating tape.
Things You Will Need to Wire a Heat Pump Thermostat
Screwdriver
Wire Strippers
Cutting Pliers
Plastic Cable Ties
Variants for Connecting a Heat Pump Thermostat
Heat pumps move the heat from one place to another. The switch between heating and cooling depends on the season and the thermostat setting. Besides, the air source heat pumps have backup heating methods for two reasons.
When the heat pump system starts defrosting, it needs a backup heat source.
The main method of backup or backup heating for heat pumps is electrical tape heaters. The second most common reserve heat source is a gas oven. Finally, these two different methods may require a separate connection of the heat pump thermostat.
Heat Pump Wire Labels
Name and connection of cable C - old cable C? This is a common thread that has caused indigestion and sleepless nights in many people. The reason for this is that most modern thermostats need or need a C-wire to work. The usual 24 V C cable comes from the control transformer and the above-mentioned R cable. Four-wire HVAC system control transformer. One side is also for the mains voltage in the transformer, and the other side is the 24 V control voltage that comes from the other side of the transformer.
Designation and connection of cable R - Cable R is the 24 V hot cable of the 24 V control transformer. This is the way to enable control relays and connections in your system. The thermostat is just a switch, and the power from the transformer comes through this device.
The Wiring Problem C
The C-wire is generally dark blue in color.
This means that if you don't have the correct amount of wire in the thermostat, you will need to connect the new thermostat wire to the new thermostat. In other words, you have the right number of conductors for your new thermostat to work properly. A heat pump thermostat requires more connections than an air conditioning thermostat. This also provides the C-wire.